Hitting the Highs and Lows

Moving to the arena of the short game, the other half of Italy's winning duo - Francesco's older brother Edoardo - demonstrates the pro technique for playing two vital scoring shots: the low spinny pitch and the super-soft, high-flying flop shot. Studying the sequences and comparing the positions in these very different swings will reveal the secrets to mastering these skills. The most important thing I would stress is that in both of these shots (and chipping/ pitching generally), wrist action must be kept to a minimum. Good wrist action softens the stroke - it does not make it.

A fluent hand/wrist action guards against your movements being 'wooden'. Typically, I see a lot of amateurs who over-involve the wrists in the takeaway, in the change of direction and, of course, at impact (the temptation to try to lift the ball into the air on the higher shots). A fundamental premise of the short game skills you are about to study is that you 'set' the loft at address and then influence the ball flight with the way you return that loft at impact.

'Quiet' wrists, active knees

As Edoardo prepares to play a low, spinning greenside pitch shot, the first thing to notice is that he is actually using a fairly lofted club. It is the way he sets up to the ball that dictates the nature of the strike and trajectory, not the loft: his hands are set forward, leaning the shaft gently towards the target, while the ball is played slightly back in what is a very narrow stance. His weight favours the left side, absorbed by the flex in the left knee.

This is a set-up position designed to produce a controlled stroke that delivers a crisp downward strike on the ball for a low trajectory and heavy backspin.

Looking at the technique itself, the backswing is notably wide, and going after that shape enhances the feeling of playing this shot with 'quiet' hands and wrists. There is no leg action as such; the feeling you want to have is that the knees just push forward as you return the club in the downswing so that your weight is on the left side at impact.

For the tour pro this is a staple shot, one that is often used on the longer par fives - holes out of reach for even these guys - an aggressive, pin-seeking shot played when you have a fair bit of green to work with or perhaps into a wind.

Visualisation of the shot is vitally important - the trajectory is low and the ball flies with heavy spin, so you have to identify your landing area and practice until you have a real sense of feel for the distance the ball will travel upon first hitting the green.

To the casual observer it might look like a player has hit it too hard, perhaps a little thin...that is until the ball bounces, checks and comes to a halt by the flag!

Take a comfortably narrow stance and ease your weight into the left side. With the ball back, the hands lean the shaft toward the target - clubshaft and left arm more or less in a straight line. Weight remains on that left knee as the stroke is made by the rotation of the arms/ upper body. Wrists are 'soft', but not actively involved in making the backswing

Subtle knee action is key to this technique; through the downswing, the knees work towards and then left of the target, promoting the downward strike on the ball. Note the hands lead the club all the way through

Release the loft to play the ultra-soft high, floating, flop-shot

Once again the set up is the key to the execution and success of this high-risk/high-value shot. And immediately the contrast is obvious when you look at this sequence and compare like-for-like images with the low pitch on the previous spread. At the set up, Edoardo now has the ball pushed way forward, the stance is a little wider, and the loft is set way open as he lays the club behind the ball.

[To play the extreme version of this shot, the hands can even be behind the ball at the set up, with the shaft leaning away from the target - more experienced players should experiment with this. The practice ground trick of having the ball pop up almost vertically and catching it as you take a step towards the target in the same motion is one most tour players can pull off, and learning how to do this gives you wonderful feel for your swing and the clubface.]